Evening Despatch: Tuesday 27th June 1905

Care of Feeble-Minded: Industrial Training and Colony Life: At the Birmingham Temperance Hall today, Sir Oliver Lodge presided over the first discussion in connection with the conference of charity organizations, relief societies. The subject for discussion was “The Care of the Feeble-Minded,” the paper being read by Mrs. Hume Pinsent. The address was illustrated by many lantern slides, and probed deeply the problem to which she has devoted to much of her energy. She looked forward to the time when legislation would be compulsory instead of permissive. But she urged education authorities not to wait until that time. Another appeal was for the establishment of industrial colonies, demonstrating that a large proportion of cases that were treated at the special schools needed permanent protection, though not entire support. “If they wanted to do something in their generation,” she said, in conclusion, “to stop crime, to put down drunkenness, they should use all their energies to secure, firstly, industrial training, and secondly colony care for the feeble minded. They would be showing more wisdom, more common-sense, more economy, infinitely more humanity and practical Christianity if they began by providing necessary care for those unfortunate people instead of waiting until it was necessary to find accommodation in prisons, penitentiaries, and hospitals.” Sir Oliver Lodge heartily complimented Mrs. Pinsent upon her paper. He could not but think, he said, that the necessary expenditure should properly go upon the poor rate and no further authority. It should be borne by all citizens alike. 


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Referenced

GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Birmingham Daily Gazette: Thursday 29th June 1905

Services to the Poor: … … Commenting on the utility of the gardens, Sir Oliver remarked that in a number of ways they rendered services to the poorer members of the community. Every charitable institution in the city might utilize them for its inmates for two days in the year, and the elementary schools had the privilege of admission for their scholars once a year, and the Government allowed them to be brought in during school hours. He thought more use should be made of that opportunity. The education which Mrs. Pinsent recommended for the feeble-minded, applied all round – namely, more manual training, the education of all the faculties. By that means, education could be made more thorough, less laborious, and more attractive.


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Referenced

GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Birmingham Daily Gazette: Wednesday 28th June 1905

Common-Sense Method: Mrs. Hume Pinsent pleads for the feeble-minded: The conference in connection with the Charity Organisation and Relief Societies of the Country opened its business session at the Birmingham Temperance Hall yesterday. Sir Oliver Lodge presided over the first discussion, which centred on a paper by Mrs. Hume Pinsent upon “The Care of the Feeble-Minded.” In introducing Mrs. Pinsent, Sir Oliver Lodge cordially welcomed the conference on behalf of the University … (discussion of issues by Mrs. Pinsent and need for legislation, as before and after.)


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GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Bromsgrove and Droitwich Messenger: Saturday 27th May 1905

The Care of Mentally Defective Children: Mrs. Hume Pinsent, of Harborne, gave an address on Thursday, at Stretton Croft, Barnt Green, where a large company of ladies of the district had been invited by Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Butler, upon the subject of the care of mentally defective children. Mrs. Howard Lloyd, of Grafton Manor, presided. Letters of apology were received from a number of ladies, including Mrs. Chavasse, Mrs. Brodie, Mrs. Mitchell, and Mrs. Lowe. At the outset Mrs. Pinsent explained that the first object of the gathering was to arouse interest and to gain support for the homes for feebleminded girls at Inneskerry and Arrowfield Top. Feeble-minded boys, said Mrs. Pinsent, existed in larger numbers than girls, and the neglect of them was quite as serious. Mental deficiency existed to an alarming extent and was said to be on the increase. It had been estimated by Dr. Dickinson, Chairman of the National Association for the Feeble-minded, that there were 100,000 people in England and Wales who, although they could not be described as lunatics or idiots, were yet mentally, and too often morally, defective. Having practically no will power, very little reasoning faculty, no idea of forethought, they were a prey to the first emotion that assailed them and were absolutely incapable of resisting any impulse. Imprisonment was not the only, or even the most common fate of those unfortunate beings … (a long review of her talk continues) …


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GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Evening Despatch: Wednesday 24th May 1905:

City Council Topics: The Birmingham City Council’s deliberations yesterday covered a number of important and interesting topics … … The Special Schools Sub-Committee, who have investigated the conditions and needs of this unfortunate class of children and can appreciate the importance of dealing thoroughly with questions, are naturally anxious to push forward their schemes for obtaining adequate provision for carrying out their humane work. Mrs. Hume Pinsent, who is the head of the committee has fought many a tough battle on behalf of the poor afflicted children of the city, but while admiring and appreciating her efforts to the full, it is necessary in these days to preach economy and to caution the committee in charge of the special schools to proceed steadily and cautiously towards their ambitious goals. … …


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GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Birmingham Daily Gazette: Thursday 20th April 1905

“Biggest Problem” Mr. Howard Lloyd discusses the Outlook: For the ratepayer to be told to expect an increase of 3 1/4d in the rates at one stroke is bad enough; in the case of the Education Committee, it is by no means certain that worse does not remain behind. Though the estimates have been referred back, the likelihood of any material reduction is extremely remote … (discussion) … What is alarming is the general growth of expenditure in all directions.” “Chiefly, I suppose, in salaries and buildings?” “Yes, we have done much of late to provide centres for cripples and defectives, in which matter, thanks to Mrs. Pinsent we are at the forefront.” … …


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GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Birmingham Daily Gazette: Thursday 30th March 1905

Illogical City: Mrs. Pinsent’s Appeal for the Irresponsible: A Grave Social Evil: In the words of Alderman Beale, Mrs. Hume Pinsent delivered at the University yesterday a stirring and convincing address showing that she was engaged in a gigantic task for which the whole community ought to be grateful. She spoke of mental and physical defectives and concluded a lucid discourse with an earnest appeal. Would it not show more wisdom, more common-sense, greater economy, infinitely more humanity and practical Christianity, if provision were made at once for the necessary care and training of these helpless and irresponsible creature, instead of waiting, as had been done, and providing accommodation for them in inebriate homes, rescue homes, hospitals, workhouses, and prisons? Alderman Beale presided over an audience composed mainly of magistrates, councillors, and guardians. Emphasising the gravity of the problem, Mrs. Pinsent pointed out that mental deficiency was increasing to an alarming extent. It had been estimated that in England and Wales there were 100,000 defectives, outside idiots and imbeciles Incapable of self-control or reasonable conduct. These people were allowed to live in absolute freedom and were held by the community as responsible for their actions. The defects they suffered from could not be recognized in a Court of Law, and they had the absurd spectacle of a blundering society seeking to reform them by short terms of imprisonment. Many of them died in the workhouse Infirmary, but not before they had left a future generation of insane, criminals, etc. Their chief characteristic was an absolute lack of willpower, and this was often combined with a strong imitative faculty. It was this combination which rendered them such an easy prey to bad habits and vice. To illustrate her lecture, Mrs. Pinsent threw on the screen pictures of the lowest types she had met. The pictures were in themselves convincing proof that the question is not one that can be dealt with with: COMPULSION NEEDED: Alluding to Acts of Parliament, Mrs. Pinsent said that the provisions made for the blind and deaf were satisfactorily carried out. The Act of 1899 concerning epileptic and defective children was not compulsory, and many local authorities neglected it altogether. Until it was compulsory the work would not be thoroughly done. Birmingham was making an honest effort to provide for its defectives, but not one of the suburbs had made any use of the Act. She was pleased to learn that the subject was now under consideration at Smethwick. The consequence was that a lot of money was spent in Birmingham on children in special schools, and then the efforts were wasted by parents moving to the suburbs. Day schools and boarding schools could be provided for under the Act, and the Latter were necessary for the worst cases. There were children whom it was absolutely impossible to train at a day school. In Birmingham these would probably number one hundred. “I wish,” said the speaker, “I could make the public understand the absolute waste of money in attempting to educate this hundred at day schools.” Industrial colonies worked satisfactorily in the United States, supplying just the supervision and control necessary. In asking for colonies, they did not plead with society to take up a new burden but suggested a means of making the old burden lighter. Defectives should be prevented from giving birth to feeble-minded offspring. [Birmingham’s Position} What was the position in Birmingham? If she had been asked that a few weeks ago, she would have said that they were on the high road to a satisfactory scheme. The education authority had three times approved of the idea of a boarding school and had selected a site. That would be satisfactory up to the age of sixteen. To continue that work the Guardians of Birmingham, Aston and Kings’s Norton had formulated one of the most courageous and enlightened schemes ever submitted to the people, by determining to institute an industrial colony for the feeble minded and epileptics chargeable to their parishes. She sincerely regretted that the education authority of the city had decided to defer the matter (“shame”} Birmingham, which had been held up to the whole country as being the first to formulate a complete scheme had now fallen into the most illogical difficulty, for the Guardians’ Colony was incomplete without the educational work, just as the boarding school would have been nearly useless without their colony. There were over 1,000 defectives in the city who must be trained and educated. They were only attempting to educate a portion of that number, and the majority of these insufficiently. If they did not seriously set themselves to the task, Birmingham would be in the strange position of having petitioned the Board of Education to make education of defectives compulsory while refusing to educate its own defective children. Alderman Beale in proposing a vote thanks to Mrs. Pinsent, said he felt sure that the feeling against the erection of the school by the people near the site was passing away.


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Referenced

GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Birmingham Mail: Thursday 30th March 1905

In her admirable address at the University last evening, Mrs. Hume Pinsent made a strong case for the compulsory education of mentally and physically defective children. It is clear that under the voluntary system which the present obtains, the results can never be even approximately satisfactory. One authority provides special schools, but its neighbours fail to do so. Then, if parents remove from district to the other, the education ceases, and the children are deprived of the instruction which would otherwise probably afford them a means of earning their own living. Moreover, great waste of public money is inseparable from such a chaotic state affair. The only remedy lies, Mrs. Pinsent rightly urges, in amendment of the law bringing all the authorities in the country into line. Local options will have to go.


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Referenced

GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Birmingham Daily Gazette: Wednesday 22nd March 1905

A Great Social Problem: Alderman C. G. Beale will preside at a meeting to be held in the Birmingham University on Wednesday March 29th at 5.30, when Mrs. Hume Pinsent will give an address on “The Problem of the Mentally and Physically Defective”:


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GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949

Kenilworth Advertiser: Saturday 4th March 1905

THE PROJECTED SCHOOL FOR DEFECTIVES: — At the meeting of the Birmingham Education Committee, held at the Council House, on Friday, Mrs. Hume Pinsent presented the report of the Special Schools Sub-committee, who said they had considered the memorial referred to them by the Committee respecting the proposed purchase of a site at Kenilworth with a view to the erection of a boarding school for mentally-defective children, and were of opinion that the purchase of a should be completed. They were of the opinion that the memorialists had formed a wrong impression as to the character of the school it was proposed to erect. When erected it would not have the appearance of an “asylum,” but rather that of thoroughly good dwelling houses, which would certainly not diminish the value of the houses and land in the neighbourhood of Kenilworth. A long statement followed regarding the accommodation required for defective children in the city of Birmingham. After a great deal of discussion, the report was adopted with the exception of the part relating for the provision of the boarding school at Kenilworth, which was for the present not approved.


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Referenced

GRO0245 Devonport: Ellen Frances Parker: 1866 – 1949